自訂元素 v1 - 可重複使用的網頁元件

class AppDrawer extends HTMLElement {...}
window.customElements.define('app-drawer', AppDrawer);

// Or use an anonymous class if you don't want a named constructor in current scope.
window.customElements.define('app-drawer', class extends HTMLElement {...});

<app-drawer></app-drawer>

class AppDrawer extends HTMLElement {

  // A getter/setter for an open property.
  get open() {
    return this.hasAttribute('open');
  }

  set open(val) {
    // Reflect the value of the open property as an HTML attribute.
    if (val) {
      this.setAttribute('open', '');
    } else {
      this.removeAttribute('open');
    }
    this.toggleDrawer();
  }

  // A getter/setter for a disabled property.
  get disabled() {
    return this.hasAttribute('disabled');
  }

  set disabled(val) {
    // Reflect the value of the disabled property as an HTML attribute.
    if (val) {
      this.setAttribute('disabled', '');
    } else {
      this.removeAttribute('disabled');
    }
  }

  // Can define constructor arguments if you wish.
  constructor() {
    // If you define a constructor, always call super() first!
    // This is specific to CE and required by the spec.
    super();

    // Setup a click listener on <app-drawer> itself.
    this.addEventListener('click', e => {
      // Don't toggle the drawer if it's disabled.
      if (this.disabled) {
        return;
      }
      this.toggleDrawer();
    });
  }

  toggleDrawer() {
    // ...
  }
}

customElements.define('app-drawer', AppDrawer);

class AppDrawer extends HTMLElement {
  constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.
    // ...
  }

  connectedCallback() {
    // ...
  }

  disconnectedCallback() {
    // ...
  }

  attributeChangedCallback(attrName, oldVal, newVal) {
    // ...
  }
}

div.id = 'my-id';
div.hidden = true;

<div id="my-id" hidden>

app-drawer[disabled] {
  opacity: 0.5;
  pointer-events: none;
}

get disabled() {
  return this.hasAttribute('disabled');
}

set disabled(val) {
  // Reflect the value of `disabled` as an attribute.
  if (val) {
    this.setAttribute('disabled', '');
  } else {
    this.removeAttribute('disabled');
  }
  this.toggleDrawer();
}

<app-drawer open disabled></app-drawer>

class AppDrawer extends HTMLElement {
  // ...

  static get observedAttributes() {
    return ['disabled', 'open'];
  }

  get disabled() {
    return this.hasAttribute('disabled');
  }

  set disabled(val) {
    if (val) {
      this.setAttribute('disabled', '');
    } else {
      this.removeAttribute('disabled');
    }
  }

  // Only called for the disabled and open attributes due to observedAttributes
  attributeChangedCallback(name, oldValue, newValue) {
    // When the drawer is disabled, update keyboard/screen reader behavior.
    if (this.disabled) {
      this.setAttribute('tabindex', '-1');
      this.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'true');
    } else {
      this.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
      this.setAttribute('aria-disabled', 'false');
    }
    // TODO: also react to the open attribute changing.
  }
}

customElements.whenDefined('app-drawer').then(() => {
  console.log('app-drawer defined');
});

<share-buttons>
  <social-button type="twitter"><a href="...">Twitter</a></social-button>
  <social-button type="fb"><a href="...">Facebook</a></social-button>
  <social-button type="plus"><a href="...">G+</a></social-button>
</share-buttons>

// Fetch all the children of <share-buttons> that are not defined yet.
let undefinedButtons = buttons.querySelectorAll(':not(:defined)');

let promises = [...undefinedButtons].map((socialButton) => {
  return customElements.whenDefined(socialButton.localName);
});

// Wait for all the social-buttons to be upgraded.
Promise.all(promises).then(() => {
  // All social-button children are ready.
});

customElements.define('x-foo-with-markup', class extends HTMLElement {
  connectedCallback() {
    this.innerHTML = "<b>I'm an x-foo-with-markup!</b>";
  }
  // ...
});

<x-foo-with-markup>
  <b>I'm an x-foo-with-markup!</b>
</x-foo-with-markup>

<!-- chat-app's implementation details are hidden away in Shadow DOM. -->
<chat-app></chat-app>

let tmpl = document.createElement('template');
tmpl.innerHTML = `
  <style>:host { ... }</style> <!-- look ma, scoped styles -->
  <b>I'm in shadow dom!</b>
  <slot></slot>
`;

customElements.define('x-foo-shadowdom', class extends HTMLElement {
  constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.

    // Attach a shadow root to the element.
    let shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
    shadowRoot.appendChild(tmpl.content.cloneNode(true));
  }
  // ...
});

<x-foo-shadowdom>
  <p><b>User's</b> custom text</p>
</x-foo-shadowdom>

<!-- renders as -->
<x-foo-shadowdom>
  #shadow-root
  <b>I'm in shadow dom!</b>
  <slot></slot> <!-- slotted content appears here -->
</x-foo-shadowdom>

<template id="x-foo-from-template">
  <style>
    p { color: green; }
  </style>
  <p>I'm in Shadow DOM. My markup was stamped from a &lt;template&gt;.</p>
</template>

<script>
  let tmpl = document.querySelector('#x-foo-from-template');
  // If your code is inside of an HTML Import you'll need to change the above line to:
  // let tmpl = document.currentScript.ownerDocument.querySelector('#x-foo-from-template');

  customElements.define('x-foo-from-template', class extends HTMLElement {
    constructor() {
      super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.
      let shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
      shadowRoot.appendChild(tmpl.content.cloneNode(true));
    }
    // ...
  });
</script>

<!-- user-defined styling -->
<style>
  app-drawer {
    display: flex;
  }
  panel-item {
    transition: opacity 400ms ease-in-out;
    opacity: 0.3;
    flex: 1;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 50%;
  }
  panel-item:hover {
    opacity: 1.0;
    background: rgb(255, 0, 255);
    color: white;
  }
  app-panel > panel-item {
    padding: 5px;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0 7px;
  }
</style>

<app-drawer>
  <panel-item>Do</panel-item>
  <panel-item>Re</panel-item>
  <panel-item>Mi</panel-item>
</app-drawer>

app-drawer:not(:defined) {
  /* Pre-style, give layout, replicate app-drawer's eventual styles, etc. */
  display: inline-block;
  height: 100vh;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out;
}

class FancyDrawer extends AppDrawer {
  constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor. This also calls the extended class' constructor.
    // ...
  }

  toggleDrawer() {
    // Possibly different toggle implementation?
    // Use ES2015 if you need to call the parent method.
    // super.toggleDrawer()
  }

  anotherMethod() {
    // ...
  }
}

customElements.define('fancy-app-drawer', FancyDrawer);

// See https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html#element-interfaces
// for the list of other DOM interfaces.
class FancyButton extends HTMLButtonElement {
  constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.
    this.addEventListener('click', e => this.drawRipple(e.offsetX, e.offsetY));
  }

  // Material design ripple animation.
  drawRipple(x, y) {
    let div = document.createElement('div');
    div.classList.add('ripple');
    this.appendChild(div);
    div.style.top = `${y - div.clientHeight/2}px`;
    div.style.left = `${x - div.clientWidth/2}px`;
    div.style.backgroundColor = 'currentColor';
    div.classList.add('run');
    div.addEventListener('transitionend', (e) => div.remove());
  }
}

customElements.define('fancy-button', FancyButton, {extends: 'button'});

<!-- This <button> is a fancy button. -->
<button is="fancy-button" disabled>Fancy button!</button>

// Custom elements overload createElement() to support the is="" attribute.
let button = document.createElement('button', {is: 'fancy-button'});
button.textContent = 'Fancy button!';
button.disabled = true;
document.body.appendChild(button);

let button = new FancyButton();
button.textContent = 'Fancy button!';
button.disabled = true;

customElements.define('bigger-img', class extends Image {
  // Give img default size if users don't specify.
  constructor(width=50, height=50) {
    super(width * 10, height * 10);
  }
}, {extends: 'img'});

<!-- This <img> is a bigger img. -->
<img is="bigger-img" width="15" height="20">

const BiggerImage = customElements.get('bigger-img');
const image = new BiggerImage(15, 20); // pass constructor values like so.
console.assert(image.width === 150);
console.assert(image.height === 200);

// "tabs" is not a valid custom element name
document.createElement('tabs') instanceof HTMLUnknownElement === true

// "x-tabs" is a valid custom element name
document.createElement('x-tabs') instanceof HTMLElement === true

customElements.define('my-app', class extends HTMLElement { ... });
customElements.define(
    'fancy-button', class extends HTMLButtonElement { ... }, {extends: 'button'});

let Drawer = customElements.get('app-drawer');
let drawer = new Drawer();

customElements.whenDefined('app-drawer').then(() => {
  console.log('ready!');
});

const supportsCustomElementsV1 = 'customElements' in window;

npm install --save @webcomponents/webcomponentsjs

<!-- Use the custom element on the page. -->
<my-element></my-element>

<!-- Load polyfills; note that "loader" will load these async -->
<script src="node_modules/@webcomponents/webcomponentsjs/webcomponents-loader.js" defer></script>

<!-- Load a custom element definitions in `waitFor` and return a promise -->
<script type="module">
  function loadScript(src) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
      const script = document.createElement('script');
      script.src = src;
      script.onload = resolve;
      script.onerror = reject;
      document.head.appendChild(script);
    });
  }

  WebComponents.waitFor(() => {
    // At this point we are guaranteed that all required polyfills have
    // loaded, and can use web components APIs.
    // Next, load element definitions that call `customElements.define`.
    // Note: returning a promise causes the custom elements
    // polyfill to wait until all definitions are loaded and then upgrade
    // the document in one batch, for better performance.
    return loadScript('my-element.js');
  });
</script>