案例研究 - 构建 Technitone.com

//Tell  our Javascript file we want to use express.
var express = require('express');

//Create our web-server
var server = express.createServer();

//Tell express where to look for our static files.
server.use(express.static(__dirname + '/static/'));

var io = require('socket.io').listen(server);
//Start listening for socket commands
io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
    //User is connected, start listening for commands.
    socket.on('someEventFromClient', handleEvent);

});

<!-- Socket-io will serve it-self when requested from this url. -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/socket.io/socket.io.js"></script>

 <!-- Create our socket and connect to the server -->
 var sock = io.connect('http://localhost:8888');
 sock.on("connect", handleConnect);

 function handleConnect() {
    //Send a event to the server.
    sock.emit('someEventFromClient', 'someData');
 }
 ```

## Sound check

A big unknown was the effort entailed with using the Web Audio API. Our initial findings confirmed that [Digital Signal Processing](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Signal_Processing) (DSP) is very complex, and we were likely in way over our heads. Second realization: [Chris Rogers](http://chromium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/samples/audio/index.html) has already done the heavy lifting in the API.
Technitone isn't using any really complex math or audioholicism; this functionality is easily accessible to interested developers. We really just needed to brush up on some terminology and [read the docs](https://dvcs.w3.org/hg/audio/raw-file/tip/webaudio/specification.html). Our advice? Don't skim them. Read them. Start at the top and end at the bottom. They are peppered with diagrams and photos, and it's really cool stuff.

If this is the first you've heard of the Web Audio API, or don't know what it can do, hit up Chris Rogers' [demos](http://chromium.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/samples/audio/index.html). Looking for inspiration? You'll definitely find it there.

### Web Audio API Demo

Load in a sample (sound file)…

```js
/**
 * The XMLHttpRequest allows you to get the load
 * progress of your file download and has a responseType
 * of "arraybuffer" that the Web Audio API uses to
 * create its own AudioBufferNode.
 * Note: the 'true' parameter of request.open makes the
 * request asynchronous - this is required!
 */
var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open("GET", "mySample.mp3", true);
request.responseType = "arraybuffer";
request.onprogress = onRequestProgress; // Progress callback.
request.onload = onRequestLoad; // Complete callback.
request.onerror = onRequestError; // Error callback.
request.onabort = onRequestError; // Abort callback.
request.send();

// Use this context to create nodes, route everything together, etc.
var context = new webkitAudioContext();

// Feed this AudioBuffer into your AudioBufferSourceNode:
var audioBuffer = null;

function onRequestProgress (event) {
    var progress = event.loaded / event.total;
}

function onRequestLoad (event) {
    // The 'true' parameter specifies if you want to mix the sample to mono.
    audioBuffer = context.createBuffer(request.response, true);
}

function onRequestError (event) {
    // An error occurred when trying to load the sound file.
}

/**
 * Generally you'll want to set up your routing like this:
 * AudioBufferSourceNode > [effect nodes] > CompressorNode > AudioContext.destination
 * Note: nodes are designed to be able to connect to multiple nodes.
 */

// The DynamicsCompressorNode makes the loud parts
// of the sound quieter and quiet parts louder.
var compressorNode = context.createDynamicsCompressor();
compressorNode.connect(context.destination);

// [other effect nodes]

// Create and route the AudioBufferSourceNode when you want to play the sample.

/**
 * Your routing now looks like this:
 * AudioBufferSourceNode > ConvolverNode > CompressorNode > AudioContext.destination
 */

var convolverNode = context.createConvolver();
convolverNode.connect(compressorNode);
convolverNode.buffer = impulseResponseAudioBuffer;

/**
 * The delay effect needs some special routing.
 * Unlike most effects, this one takes the sound data out
 * of the flow, reinserts it after a specified time (while
 * looping it back into itself for another iteration).
 * You should add an AudioGainNode to quieten the
 * delayed sound...just so things don't get crazy :)
 *
 * Your routing now looks like this:
 * AudioBufferSourceNode -> ConvolverNode > CompressorNode > AudioContext.destination
 *                       |  ^
 *                       |  |___________________________
 *                       |  v                          |
 *                       -> DelayNode > AudioGainNode _|
 */

var delayGainNode = context.createGainNode();
delayGainNode.gain.value = 0.7; // Quieten the feedback a bit.
delayGainNode.connect(convolverNode);

var delayNode = context.createDelayNode();
delayNode.delayTime = 0.5; // Re-sound every 0.5 seconds.
delayNode.connect(delayGainNode);

delayGainNode.connect(delayNode); // make the loop

/**
 * Once your routing is set up properly, playing a sound
 * is easy-shmeezy. All you need to do is create an
 * AudioSourceBufferNode, route it, and tell it what time
 * (in seconds relative to the currentTime attribute of
 * the AudioContext) it needs to play the sound.
 *
 * 0 == now!
 * 1 == one second from now.
 * etc...
 */

var sourceNode = context.createBufferSource();
sourceNode.connect(convolverNode);
sourceNode.connect(delayNode);
sourceNode.buffer = audioBuffer;
sourceNode.noteOn(0); // play now!

// Aspect ratio (usually based off the viewport,
// as it can differ from the canvas dimensions).
var aspectRatio = canvas.width / canvas.height;

// Set up the camera view with this matrix.
mat4.perspective(45, aspectRatio, 0.1, 1000.0, pMatrix);

// Adds the camera to the shader. [context = canvas.context]
// This will give it a point to start rendering from.
context.uniformMatrix4fv(shader.pMatrixUniform, 0, pMatrix);

// This resets the mvMatrix. This will create the origin in world space.
mat4.identity(mvMatrix);

// The mvMatrix will be moved 20 units away from the camera (z-axis).
mat4.translate(mvMatrix, [0,0,-20]);

// Sets the mvMatrix in the shader like we did with the camera matrix.
context.uniformMatrix4fv(shader.mvMatrixUniform, 0, mvMatrix);

// Creates a square with a gradient going from top to bottom.
// The first 3 values are the XYZ position; the last 4 are RGBA.
this.vertices = new Float32Array(28);
this.vertices.set([-2,-2, 0,    0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 1.0,
                   -2, 2, 0,    0.0, 0.4, 0.9, 1.0,
                    2, 2, 0,    0.0, 0.4, 0.9, 1.0,
                    2,-2, 0,    0.0, 0.0, 0.7, 1.0
                  ]);

// Set the order of which the vertices are drawn. Repeating values allows you
// to draw to the same vertex again, saving buffer space and connecting shapes.
this.indices = new Uint16Array(6);
this.indices.set([0,1,2, 0,2,3]);

// Create a new storage space for the buffer and assign the data in.
context.bindBuffer(context.ARRAY_BUFFER, context.createBuffer());
context.bufferData(context.ARRAY_BUFFER, this.vertices, context.STATIC_DRAW);

// Separate the buffer data into its respective attributes per vertex.
context.vertexAttribPointer(shader.vertexPositionAttribute,3,context.FLOAT,0,28,0);
context.vertexAttribPointer(shader.vertexColorAttribute,4,context.FLOAT,0,28,12);

// Create element array buffer for the index order.
context.bindBuffer(context.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, context.createBuffer());
context.bufferData(context.ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, this.indices, context.STATIC_DRAW);

// Draw the triangles based off the order: [0,1,2, 0,2,3].
// Draws two triangles with two shared points (a square).
context.drawElements(context.TRIANGLES, 6, context.UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0);

<!-- Basic HTML Setup -->
<div class="illo color-mixed">
  <div class="illo color-primary"></div>
  <div class="illo color-secondary"></div>
</div>

.illo {
  background: url('../img/illo.png') no-repeat;
  top:        0;
  cursor:     pointer;
}
  .illo.color-primary, .illo.color-secondary {
    position: absolute;
    height:   100%;
  }
  .illo.color-primary {
    width:                350px;
    left:                 0;
    background-position:  top left;
  }
  .illo.color-secondary {
    width:                355px;
    right:                0;
    background-position:  top right;
  }

/* Apply Transitions To Backgrounds */
.color-primary, .color-secondary {
  -webkit-transition: background .5s linear;
  -moz-transition:    background .5s linear;
  -ms-transition:     background .5s linear;
  -o-transition:      background .5s linear;
}

.color-mixed {
  position:           relative;
  width:              750px;
  height:             600px;
  -webkit-transition: background 1.5s cubic-bezier(.78,0,.53,1);
  -moz-transition:    background 1.5s cubic-bezier(.78,0,.53,1);
  -ms-transition:     background 1.5s cubic-bezier(.78,0,.53,1);
  -o-transition:      background 1.5s cubic-bezier(.78,0,.53,1);
}

function createPotion() {

    var primaryColor = $('.picker.color-primary > li.selected').css('background-color');
    var secondaryColor = $('.picker.color-secondary > li.selected').css('background-color');
    console.log(primaryColor, secondaryColor);
    $('.illo.color-primary').css('background-color', primaryColor);
    $('.illo.color-secondary').css('background-color', secondaryColor);

    var mixedColor = mixColors (
            parseColor(primaryColor),
            parseColor(secondaryColor)
    );

    $('.color-mixed').css('background-color', mixedColor);
}

// take our rgb(x,x,x) value and return an array of numeric values
function parseColor(value) {
    return (
            (value = value.match(/(\d+),\s*(\d+),\s*(\d+)/)))
            ? [value[1], value[2], value[3]]
            : [0,0,0];
}

// blend two rgb arrays into a single value
function mixColors(primary, secondary) {

    var r = Math.round( (primary[0] * .5) + (secondary[0] * .5) );
    var g = Math.round( (primary[1] * .5) + (secondary[1] * .5) );
    var b = Math.round( (primary[2] * .5) + (secondary[2] * .5) );

    return 'rgb('+r+', '+g+', '+b+')';
}