Shadow DOM v1 - 獨立網頁元件

const header = document.createElement('header');
const h1 = document.createElement('h1');
h1.textContent = 'Hello DOM';
header.appendChild(h1);
document.body.appendChild(header);

<body>
    <header>
    <h1>Hello DOM</h1>
    </header>
</body>

const header = document.createElement('header');
const shadowRoot = header.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
shadowRoot.innerHTML = '<h1>Hello Shadow DOM</h1>'; // Could also use appendChild().

// header.shadowRoot === shadowRoot
// shadowRoot.host === header

    document.createElement('input').attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
    // Error. `<input>` cannot host shadow dom.

// Use custom elements API v1 to register a new HTML tag and define its JS behavior
// using an ES6 class. Every instance of <fancy-tab> will have this same prototype.
customElements.define('fancy-tabs', class extends HTMLElement {
    constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.

    // Attach a shadow root to <fancy-tabs>.
    const shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
    shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
        <style>#tabs { ... }</style> <!-- styles are scoped to fancy-tabs! -->
        <div id="tabs">...</div>
        <div id="panels">...</div>
    `;
    }
    ...
});

<better-button>
    <!-- the image and span are better-button's light DOM -->
    <img src="gear.svg" slot="icon">
    <span>Settings</span>
</better-button>

#shadow-root
    <style>...</style>
    <slot name="icon"></slot>
    <span id="wrapper">
    <slot>Button</slot>
    </span>

<better-button>
    #shadow-root
    <style>...</style>
    <slot name="icon">
        <img src="gear.svg" slot="icon">
    </slot>
    <span id="wrapper">
        <slot>
        <span>Settings</span>
        </slot>
    </span>
</better-button>

<!-- Default slot. If there's more than one default slot, the first is used. -->
<slot></slot>

<slot>fallback content</slot> <!-- default slot with fallback content -->

<slot> <!-- default slot entire DOM tree as fallback -->
    <h2>Title</h2>
    <summary>Description text</summary>
</slot>

#shadow-root
    <div id="tabs">
    <slot id="tabsSlot" name="title"></slot> <!-- named slot -->
    </div>
    <div id="panels">
    <slot id="panelsSlot"></slot>
    </div>

<fancy-tabs>
    <button slot="title">Title</button>
    <button slot="title" selected>Title 2</button>
    <button slot="title">Title 3</button>
    <section>content panel 1</section>
    <section>content panel 2</section>
    <section>content panel 3</section>
</fancy-tabs>

<!-- Using <h2>'s and changing the ordering would also work! -->
<fancy-tabs>
    <h2 slot="title">Title</h2>
    <section>content panel 1</section>
    <h2 slot="title" selected>Title 2</h2>
    <section>content panel 2</section>
    <h2 slot="title">Title 3</h2>
    <section>content panel 3</section>
</fancy-tabs>

<fancy-tabs>
    #shadow-root
    <div id="tabs">
        <slot id="tabsSlot" name="title">
        <button slot="title">Title</button>
        <button slot="title" selected>Title 2</button>
        <button slot="title">Title 3</button>
        </slot>
    </div>
    <div id="panels">
        <slot id="panelsSlot">
        <section>content panel 1</section>
        <section>content panel 2</section>
        <section>content panel 3</section>
        </slot>
    </div>
</fancy-tabs>

#shadow-root
    <style>
    #panels {
        box-shadow: 0 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
        background: white;
        ...
    }
    #tabs {
        display: inline-flex;
        ...
    }
    </style>
    <div id="tabs">
    ...
    </div>
    <div id="panels">
    ...
    </div>

#shadow-root
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
    <div id="tabs">
    ...
    </div>
    <div id="panels">
    ...
    </div>

<select multiple>
  <option>Do</option>
  <option selected>Re</option>
  <option>Mi</option>
  <option>Fa</option>
  <option>So</option>
</select>

<style>
:host {
    display: block; /* by default, custom elements are display: inline */
    contain: content; /* CSS containment FTW. */
}
</style>

<style>
:host {
    opacity: 0.4;
    will-change: opacity;
    transition: opacity 300ms ease-in-out;
}
:host(:hover) {
    opacity: 1;
}
:host([disabled]) { /* style when host has disabled attribute. */
    background: grey;
    pointer-events: none;
    opacity: 0.4;
}
:host(.blue) {
    color: blue; /* color host when it has class="blue" */
}
:host(.pink) > #tabs {
    color: pink; /* color internal #tabs node when host has class="pink". */
}
</style>

<body class="darktheme">
    <fancy-tabs>
    ...
    </fancy-tabs>
</body>

:host-context(.darktheme) {
    color: white;
    background: black;
}

<name-badge>
    <h2>Eric Bidelman</h2>
    <span class="title">
    Digital Jedi, <span class="company">Google</span>
    </span>
</name-badge>

<style>
::slotted(h2) {
    margin: 0;
    font-weight: 300;
    color: red;
}
::slotted(.title) {
    color: orange;
}
/* DOESN'T WORK (can only select top-level nodes).
::slotted(.company),
::slotted(.title .company) {
    text-transform: uppercase;
}
*/
</style>
<slot></slot>

const shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
    <style>
    #panels {
        box-shadow: 0 2px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);
        background: white;
        border-radius: 3px;
        padding: 16px;
        height: 250px;
        overflow: auto;
    }
    #tabs {
        display: inline-flex;
        -webkit-user-select: none;
        user-select: none;
    }
    #tabsSlot::slotted(*) {
        font: 400 16px/22px 'Roboto';
        padding: 16px 8px;
        ...
    }
    #tabsSlot::slotted([aria-selected="true"]) {
        font-weight: 600;
        background: white;
        box-shadow: none;
    }
    #panelsSlot::slotted([aria-hidden="true"]) {
        display: none;
    }
    </style>
    <div id="tabs">
    <slot id="tabsSlot" name="title"></slot>
    </div>
    <div id="panels">
    <slot id="panelsSlot"></slot>
    </div>
`;

fancy-tabs {
    width: 500px;
    color: red; /* Note: inheritable CSS properties pierce the shadow DOM boundary. */
}
fancy-tabs:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 3px 3px #ccc;
}

<!-- main page -->
<style>
    fancy-tabs {
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    --fancy-tabs-bg: black;
    }
</style>
<fancy-tabs background>...</fancy-tabs>

:host([background]) {
    background: var(--fancy-tabs-bg, #9E9E9E);
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 10px;
}

const div = document.createElement('div');
const shadowRoot = div.attachShadow({mode: 'closed'}); // close shadow tree
// div.shadowRoot === null
// shadowRoot.host === div

const slot = this.shadowRoot.querySelector('#slot');
slot.addEventListener('slotchange', e => {
    console.log('light dom children changed!');
});

<slot><b>fallback content</b></slot>

// Inside <fancy-tab> custom element class definition:
selectTab() {
    const tabs = this.shadowRoot.querySelector('#tabs');
    tabs.dispatchEvent(new Event('tab-select', {bubbles: true, composed: true}));
}

<fancy-tabs></fancy-tabs>
<script>
    const tabs = document.querySelector('fancy-tabs');
    tabs.addEventListener('tab-select', e => {
    // won't fire if `tab-select` wasn't created with `composed: true`.
    });
</script>

<x-focus>
    #shadow-root
    <input type="text" placeholder="Input inside shadow dom">

document.activeElement.shadowRoot.activeElement // only works with open mode.

function deepActiveElement() {
    let a = document.activeElement;
    while (a && a.shadowRoot && a.shadowRoot.activeElement) {
    a = a.shadowRoot.activeElement;
    }
    return a;
}

<style>
    :focus {
    outline: 2px solid red;
    }
</style>

<x-focus></x-focus>

<script>
customElements.define('x-focus', class extends HTMLElement {
    constructor() {
    super(); // always call super() first in the constructor.

    const root = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open', delegatesFocus: true});
    root.innerHTML = `
        <style>
        :host {
            display: flex;
            border: 1px dotted black;
            padding: 16px;
        }
        :focus {
            outline: 2px solid blue;
        }
        </style>
        <div>Clickable Shadow DOM text</div>
        <input type="text" placeholder="Input inside shadow dom">`;

    // Know the focused element inside shadow DOM:
    this.addEventListener('focus', function(e) {
        console.log('Active element (inside shadow dom):',
                    this.shadowRoot.activeElement);
    });
    }
});
</script>

<style>
:host {
    display: block;
    contain: content; /* Boom. CSS containment FTW. */
}
</style>

<style>
    div {
    padding: 10px;
    background: red;
    font-size: 25px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: white;
    }
</style>

<div>
    <p>I'm outside the element (big/white)</p>
    <my-element>Light DOM content is also affected.</my-element>
    <p>I'm outside the element (big/white)</p>
</div>

<script>
const el = document.querySelector('my-element');
el.attachShadow({mode: 'open'}).innerHTML = `
    <style>
    :host {
        all: initial; /* 1st rule so subsequent properties are reset. */
        display: block;
        background: white;
    }
    </style>
    <p>my-element: all CSS properties are reset to their
        initial value using <code>all: initial</code>.</p>
    <slot></slot>
`;
</script>

const allCustomElements = [];

function isCustomElement(el) {
    const isAttr = el.getAttribute('is');
    // Check for <super-button> and <button is="super-button">.
    return el.localName.includes('-') || isAttr && isAttr.includes('-');
}

function findAllCustomElements(nodes) {
    for (let i = 0, el; el = nodes[i]; ++i) {
    if (isCustomElement(el)) {
        allCustomElements.push(el);
    }
    // If the element has shadow DOM, dig deeper.
    if (el.shadowRoot) {
        findAllCustomElements(el.shadowRoot.querySelectorAll('*'));
    }
    }
}

findAllCustomElements(document.querySelectorAll('*'));

const supportsShadowDOMV1 = !!HTMLElement.prototype.attachShadow;

bower install --save webcomponents/shadydom
bower install --save webcomponents/shadycss

function loadScript(src) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
    const script = document.createElement('script');
    script.async = true;
    script.src = src;
    script.onload = resolve;
    script.onerror = reject;
    document.head.appendChild(script);
    });
}

// Lazy load the polyfill if necessary.
if (!supportsShadowDOMV1) {
    loadScript('/bower_components/shadydom/shadydom.min.js')
    .then(e => loadScript('/bower_components/shadycss/shadycss.min.js'))
    .then(e => {
        // Polyfills loaded.
    });
} else {
    // Native shadow dom v1 support. Go to go!
}